
ERNÄHRUNGSTIPPS UND EMPFEHLUNGEN
An den Empfehlungen des World Cancer Research Fund International zur Krebsprävention kann man erkennen, welchen Einfluss gerade auch die Ernährung auf das Erkrankungsrisiko haben kann, sei es in Form eines gesteigerten Verzehrs von Fast Food und Softdrinks und die konsequente Gewichtszunahme, oder des protektiven Nutzens einer ausreichenden Zufuhr von Gemüse.
Mit Bezug auf die Empfehlung für den Verzehr von mehr Gemüse, Obst, Hülsenfrüchten und Vollkorn sollen im Folgenden einige Lebensmittel und Lebensmittelgruppen vorgestellt werden, die im besonderen Maße Einfluss auf das Krebsrisiko, und wahrscheinlich auf die Gesundheit generell nehmen können. Denn obwohl prinzipiell alle Gemüse- und Obstsorten als gesund betrachtet werden können, gibt es einige, die ein besonders großes Potential mit sich bringen.
DIE BESTEN LEBENSMITTELGRUPPEN ZUR KREBSPRÄVENTION
KREUZBLÜTER
Die erste wichtige Lebensmittelgruppe sind die sogenannten Kreuzblütler, auch Brassicaceae oder Cruciferae genannt. Zu dieser Familie zählen Gemüsesorten wie Brokkoli, Blumenkohl, Weiß‑, Rosen‑, Rot- und China- kohl, sowie Pak Choi und Kohlrabi. Gerade Brokkoli steht wohl wie kaum eine andere Pflanze sinnbildlich für eine gesunde Ernährung. Und das nicht ohne Grund. So existiert ein gut dokumentierter Zusammenhang zwischen dem regelmäßigen Verzehr von Kreuzblütler-Gemüse und einem geringeren Risiko für Krebserkrankungen an u.a. Blase, Brust, Lunge, Magen, Dickdarm, Mundhöhle, Rachen, Speiseröhre und Niere [20–30].
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ZWIEBELGEWÄCHSE

Die nächste Pflanzenfamilie wirkt verglichen mit den Kreuzblütlern eher unscheinbar: Die Zwiebelgewächse. Ob Knoblauch, Gemüsezwiebel, Porree, Schnittoder Bärlauch, alle Vertreter dieser Familie zeichnen sich durch bestimmte Schwefelverbindungen aus, die ihnen sowohl ihr charakteristisches Aroma, als auch ihren gesundheitlichen Nutzen verleihen.
Es gibt wohl kaum eine Pflanzenfamilie, die sich derart universell in der kulinarischen Tradition verschiedener Kulturen wiederfindet, wie Zwiebelgewächse.
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BEEREN
Der Verzehr von Obst sollte fester Bestandteil einer ausgewogenen Ernährung sein und gehört daher auch zu den Empfehlungen des WCRF. Jedoch gibt es zwischen den unterschiedlichen Obstsorten durchaus Unterschiede in Bezug auf den gesundheitlichen Nutzen, vor allem unter Berücksichtigung des Zuckergehalts. So sind Bananen sicherlich nicht ungesund, sollte jedoch beispielsweise im Hinblick auf Übergewicht nicht dutzendweise verzehrt werden. In diesem Sinne kann man durchaus sagen, dass Beeren die vielleicht gesündesten Obstsorten darstellen, da sie einen niedrigen Zuckergehalt mit einem hohen Gehalt an sekundären Pflanzenstoffen kombinieren.
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QUELLEN
Quellen:
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